由領(lǐng)先的招聘公司Clarius發(fā)布的研究報告顯示，澳大利亞再次遇到技術(shù)工作者的短缺，建筑工人，工程師和貿(mào)易專員都成為緊缺的職業(yè)。
    今天由領(lǐng)先的招聘公司Clarius發(fā)布的研究報告表示，在全球經(jīng)濟危機期間過剩的技術(shù)工人，現(xiàn)在開始變得緊缺，去年最后3個月，20個技術(shù)職業(yè)中的17個經(jīng)歷了嚴(yán)重的下降。
    Clarius的經(jīng)濟學(xué)家估計，現(xiàn)在只有17,000名技術(shù)人員在尋找工作，而去年第三季度，這個人數(shù)是45,000。
    “最值得關(guān)心的是這將演變成長期的技能短缺，其中流失最快的是建筑，工程的專業(yè)人才，以及商人，國家需要這類人才來進行基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，”Clarius首席運營官Kym Quick說。
    除了今年的預(yù)計增長，澳大利亞技術(shù)工人的短缺和人口老齡化產(chǎn)生了重合。
    隨著嬰兒潮時期出生的熟練工達到退休年齡，國家將面臨空前的技能缺乏，該組織稱。
    “技術(shù)工人短缺的問題在去年三月份有所下降，但是從那以后該問題越來越突出，直到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變得非常嚴(yán)重，超過大部分招聘專家的預(yù)測?！?BR>    據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，廚師仍是最多的技能短缺職業(yè)，而熟練的工匠，建筑專業(yè)人士和工程師依然匱乏。
    房屋業(yè)協(xié)會（Housing Industry Association）上個月確認(rèn)了熟練技術(shù)工種的短缺情況。
    其研究小組估計，當(dāng)前在住宅建筑領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)工人短缺在60,000人以下，但到2012年，這個數(shù)字將會增長到65,000。
    “住宅建筑界，幾乎肯定會面臨技能工人短缺，”房屋業(yè)協(xié)會（Housing Industry Association）首席Shane Goodwin說。澳洲留學(xué)免費咨詢熱線：010-68946699轉(zhuǎn)澳洲部！
As Wayne Swan launched the 2010 Intergenerational Report yesterday, business groups demanded reforms and policies to boost productivity amid a shrinking pool of available workers.
According to the report, by 2050 the number of Australians classified to be of working age (15 to 64 years) is forecast to fall from 67.4 per cent to just 60.2 per cent. The number of Australians aged over 65 is expected to soar, rising from 13.5 per cent of the population to 22.6 per cent, placing mounting pressure on the nation''''''''s health system and social services.
The ratio of workers to those Australians past retirement age will fall from five currently to 2.7.
On current projections, government spending is going to outweigh government revenues by 2.75 per cent of GDP by 2049-50.
While the report emphasises the key role of the government in driving productivity "through investing in infrastructure and skills, promoting macroeconomic stability and providing appropriate microeconomic frameworks", the Treasurer used his launch speech in Canberra to turn the focus back on to business and workers.
"Building productivity, of course, is not just a challenge for government," Mr Swan said. "Ultimately, it is Australian workers and businesses that will deliver the higher productivity -- by skilling themselves up, tooling up and working smarter."
Productivity growth has slowed considerably over the past decade to about 1.4 per cent each year, compared with 2.1 per cent in the 1990s. "This won''''''''t be good enough for an ageing population like ours," Mr Swan said.
The report said that if productivity growth increased to 2 per cent a year, the economy would be 15 per cent, or $570 billion, larger in 2049-50, GDP per person would be about $16,000 higher and fiscal pressures would be reduced as a result of an enhanced capacity to fund government services.
While the Australian Chamber of Commerce & Industry welcomed the report, its chief executive, Peter Anderson, called for a new round of reforms centred on boosting productivity and workforce participation.
"Our education, taxation and workplace relations systems must recognise the needs of business, and give them the incentive to invest and employ," Mr Anderson said.
"Productivity growth means the economy will be stronger, the commonwealth deficit can be paid off more quickly, living standards can rise without fuelling inflation or job losses, and we can sustain both population growth and our ageing population."
Both the Australian Industry Group and NSW Chamber of Commerce have highlighted the need for policies to attract migrant workers to fill the gap created by the changing demographics.
"This report flags a more active approach to seeking migration for the workforce -- that''''''''s migrants with skills -- which is supported by business," said the NSW Chamber of Commerce''''''''s public affairs manager Paul Ritchie. "But to attract people in sufficient numbers you need to have the tax settings so that such people want to come to work in Australia."
According to the report, immigration can ameliorate the ageing of the population because migrants tend to be younger on average than the resident population. About 89 per cent of migrants are aged 40 years or under when they move to Australia.
"The intergenerational report clearly shows the role that a well- structured immigration program plays in offsetting the impacts of an ageing population," said AIG chief Heather Ridout. She said that opportunities existed for further investment in infrastructure, including communications technology, as well as the skills of the existing workforce. Encouraging older workers and women of child-bearing age to remain at work was also critical, she said.
Yesterday''''''''s report was the first intergenerational report released by the Rudd government.
And while the report notes that workplace participation rates among mature Australians have risen to 58.9 per cent -- above average among developed nations -- it warns that further improvements will not be straightforward.
"Continued improvement in mature-age participation rates will require ongoing policy effort to identify and remove the barriers for those who wish to remain in the workplace," it says.
Barriers include cultural and employer barriers, workplace flexibility, including the ability to work part-time, education, the availability of support services and the tax system.
The report also highlights the role infrastructure investment will have as the population rises to a forecast 35.9 million by 2049-50.
"Over recent decades investment in infrastructure-related industries has been closely correlated with population growth . . . There is a need to increase the future stock of infrastructure through investment," the report says.
"At the same time, reforms which ensure that existing infrastructure is efficiently and effectively utilised will further increase productivity and better enable us to meet future demands."

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